Military Police contains information about military police functions in maneuver and mobility support, area security, law and order, internment/resettlement, and police intelligence operations.
Issue link: https://militarypolice.epubxp.com/i/383260
MILITARY POLICE . 19-14-2 20 vertically arrayed decisive points, we must be aware that— despite the frequent categorical exclusion of the security LOE—military police can directly a set of LOEs, perpendicularly facilitating a unity of effort and progression and a positive impact on end state conditions. This is not coincidental; it is a result of the multiprofessional military police base. Military police multiprofessionalism also enables the employment of defeat and stability mechanisms through the Army core competencies of combined arms maneuver and wide area security. Combined arms maneuver and wide area security competencies are not, of themselves, missions or tasks; rather, they "provide an operational context to assist a commander and staff in determining an operational approach and to combine tasks of decisive action into a coherent operation that assigns missions to subordinates." 7 The four defeat mechanisms (which are generally associated with combined arms maneuver) are destroy, dislocate, disintegrate, and isolate; and the four stability mechanisms (which are generally associated with wide area security) are compel, control, , and support. 8 Successful decisive action against a hybrid threat requires that these mechanisms be used in concert to achieve the desired operational effects. When engaged in a myopic focus on regular force actors while irregular opposing force actors, criminals who are present in the OE, and the possible connectivity of criminals to the regular force secede the human domain. Therefore, in an actor-saturated environment in which the strong will of a populace is a center of gravity and we predicate decisive action success upon the synchronized employment of defeat and stability mechanisms to achieve operational effects against decisive points along multiple LOEs, military police constitute the force of choice. Extensive capabilities contribute to the multiprofessional military police base and make us the force of choice; however, a focused devolution into a menu of capability options is not vital to the articulation of our professionalism. Rather, within the context of combined arms maneuver and wide area security, we should emphasize the outcomes produced with the assigned military police force structure available relative to LOEs and the impact on OE conditions. Military police are fnite—even when task-organized for a known mission. Combined arms maneuver and wide area security require the application of combat power, and our role within the protection warfghting function must be carefully considered. Military police assets align well with, and may be called to concurrently function in, operational area security and law and order roles. The sheer number of requirements for just one of these roles is staggering; consequently, there will likely be more people and space than we have the capacity to control unless we augment with additional forces that are not necessarily made up of military police. As described in Army Doctrine Reference Publication (ADRP) 3-37, Protection, "The maneuver enhancement brigade and some military police units are specifcally equipped and trained to conduct operational area security and may constitute the only available force during some phases of an operation. However, operational area security takes advantage of the local security measures performed by all units, regardless of their location in the area of operations." 9 With the understanding that all units are capable of providing local security, fulflling many operational area security roles, and augmenting our military police force, we must emphasize the duality of our profession—stressing that policing is unique to military police and best employed through law and order. This will facilitate the optimal use of available military police assets, leveraging our intellectual underpinnings within populations to produce desired effects and conditions. Populations Military police intellectual underpinnings directly support populace-centric efforts. The idea that policing in garrison is different from the way policing should be conducted in forward-deployed areas is a fallacy. The two forms of policing are mutually supportive. At the most basic level, policing in garrison and policing in forward- deployed areas take place in OEs; therefore, military police capabilities should be described in terms of what we do— rather than where we do it. However, conditions clearly vary from one OE to another; these differences in conditions likely result in variations in how capabilities are employed. It is important that what we do not be confused with how we do it. Becoming certifed for garrison policing while designing exercises that singularly focus on certifcation for security and mobility support tasks only serves to reinforce our role as a general-purpose security force and will ultimately be detrimental to our readiness, to our ability to meet the policing expectations of our maneuver counterparts, and to our Regimental identity. All aspects of policing revolve around one thing—people. Policing in Any OE Policing models and strategies that are described in military police law and order doctrine are equally applicable in garrison and during deployment. Policing strategies can be effectively considered along two axes—focus and degree of diversity of practice. Standard law enforcement practice relies on "general patrolling to deter offenders; rapid responses to a wide variety of calls for police service; follow-up investigations of crimes; and other law enforcement activities that make little distinction among the characteristics of the people, places, times, or situations" and often fails to address intelligence or population-driven problems or to result in a reduction in crime. 10 In attempting to increase focus on operations, departments delve into analytical systems and products—including intelligence- led policing and computer statistics—to target criminals. In the near-term, adding intense focus to standard practices is effective; however, this lacks the diversity of community- oriented policing. 11 Conversely, community-oriented policing encourages interaction with the populace and fosters improved information gathering, which brings to bear